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Evacuation simulations using cellular automata
Keywords:
Computer Simulation, Cellular Automata, Behavioral dyamics for pedestrians, Building EvacuationAbstract
Computer simulations using Cellular Automata (CA) have been applied with considerable success in diferent scientific areas, such as chemistry, biochemistry, economy, physics, etc. In this work we use CA in order to specify and implement a simulation model that allows to investigate behavioral dynamics for pedestrians in an emergency evacuation. In particular, we will concentrate on those cases that involve the forced evacuation of a large number of people due to the threat of the fire, within a building with a specific number of exits. The work includes a brief introduction to the main concepts of CA that were considered for implementing the simulation model. As support of the model, a new simulation system named EVAC is presented which allows to design, construct, execute, visualize and analyze different configurations of the building to be evacuated. The experimental work allows to identify important safety aspects to be considered at the time of designing a building, to detect the strengths of the CA approach when used as simulation tool and to suggest possible extensions that would allow to represent some particularities of the problem in a more suitable way.
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References
[1] Wolfram Stephen. Cellular Automata and Complexity. Addison Wesley, USA, 1994.
[2] Kauffman Stuart. Emergent properties in random complex automata cellular. 1994.
[3] Tomas de Camino Beck. Un lenguaje para la especificación de aut ́omatas celulares con aplicaciones biológicas. Master’s thesis, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, 2000.
[4] Schadschneider A. Zittartz J. Burstedde C., Klauck K. Simulation of pedestrian dynamics using a 2-dimensional cellullar automaton. Febrero 2001.
[5] Schreckenberg M. Klpfel H., Meyer King T. A microscopic model for simulating mustering and evacuation processes onboard passenger ships. page 12, 2001.
[6] Weidmann U. Transporttechnik der fussgnger. 1992.
[7] Wahle j. Schreckenberg M. Klpfel H., Meyer King T. Models for crowd movement and egress simulation. Noviembre 2005.
[8] Bratley P Brassard G. Fundamentos de Algoritmia. Prentice Hall, 1996.
[9] Tissera Cristian. Simulador de evacuaciones basado en autómatas celulares. Informe de tesis de licenciatura. Julio 2006.
[10] Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig. Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach. Prentice-Hall, second edition, 2003.
[11] Luz Gloria Torres Germn Hernndez. Aut ́omatas celulares estocásticos. 1994.
[12] Mendenhall W. Estadística Para Administradores. Editorial Iberoamericana, 1998.
[13] Ullman J. Hopcroft j. Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation. Addison Wesley, 1979.
[14] Carson John Banks Jerry. Discrete Event System Simulation. Prentice Hall, 1984.
[15] V.J. Blue and J.L Adler. Cellular automata microsimulation of bi-directional pedestrian flows. 2000.
[16] Weber Mats. Bierlaire Michel, Antonini Gianluca. Behavioral dynamics for pedestrians. 2003.
[17] Timmermands Harry Dijkstra Jan, Jessurun Joran. A multi agent cellular automata model of pedestrian movement. 2001.
[2] Kauffman Stuart. Emergent properties in random complex automata cellular. 1994.
[3] Tomas de Camino Beck. Un lenguaje para la especificación de aut ́omatas celulares con aplicaciones biológicas. Master’s thesis, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, 2000.
[4] Schadschneider A. Zittartz J. Burstedde C., Klauck K. Simulation of pedestrian dynamics using a 2-dimensional cellullar automaton. Febrero 2001.
[5] Schreckenberg M. Klpfel H., Meyer King T. A microscopic model for simulating mustering and evacuation processes onboard passenger ships. page 12, 2001.
[6] Weidmann U. Transporttechnik der fussgnger. 1992.
[7] Wahle j. Schreckenberg M. Klpfel H., Meyer King T. Models for crowd movement and egress simulation. Noviembre 2005.
[8] Bratley P Brassard G. Fundamentos de Algoritmia. Prentice Hall, 1996.
[9] Tissera Cristian. Simulador de evacuaciones basado en autómatas celulares. Informe de tesis de licenciatura. Julio 2006.
[10] Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig. Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach. Prentice-Hall, second edition, 2003.
[11] Luz Gloria Torres Germn Hernndez. Aut ́omatas celulares estocásticos. 1994.
[12] Mendenhall W. Estadística Para Administradores. Editorial Iberoamericana, 1998.
[13] Ullman J. Hopcroft j. Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation. Addison Wesley, 1979.
[14] Carson John Banks Jerry. Discrete Event System Simulation. Prentice Hall, 1984.
[15] V.J. Blue and J.L Adler. Cellular automata microsimulation of bi-directional pedestrian flows. 2000.
[16] Weber Mats. Bierlaire Michel, Antonini Gianluca. Behavioral dynamics for pedestrians. 2003.
[17] Timmermands Harry Dijkstra Jan, Jessurun Joran. A multi agent cellular automata model of pedestrian movement. 2001.
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Published
2007-03-01
How to Cite
Tissera, P. C., Printista, A. M., & Errecalde, M. L. (2007). Evacuation simulations using cellular automata. Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 7(01), p. 14–20. Retrieved from https://journal.info.unlp.edu.ar/JCST/article/view/797
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Original Articles
