Copyright and Licensing
Articles accepted for publication will be licensed under the Creative Commons BY-NC-SA. Authors must sign a non-exclusive distribution agreement after article acceptance.
CDCS: a new case-based method for transparent NAT traversals of the SIP protocol
Keywords:
connection oriented media, voice over IP, IP telephony, SIP, NAT, STUN, TURN, ICEAbstract
Voice communications on IP networks use owner protocols as well as standards like SIP, MGCP and H323. In this paper we propose a new method for transparent traversal of NATed (Network Address Translated) networks for the SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) protocol. Although SIP is an application layer protocol, its operation is affected by address translation. This is because SIP uses network layer information (source IP and source port) that is lost by the NAT operation. The suggested method adapts dynamically one of the three solutions: Connection-Oriented media STUN or TURN depending on the situation occurring during call initiation.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
[1] J. Rosenberg, H. Schulzrinne, G. Camarillo, A. Johnston, J. Peterson, R. Sparks, M. Handley, and E. Schooler. ''SIP: Session Initiation Protocol'', RFC 3261, June 2002.
[2] Egevang, K. and P. Francis, ''The IP Network Address Translator'', RFC 1631, may 1994.
[3] Srisuresh, P. and M. Holdreg, ''IP Network Address Translator (NAT) Terminology and Considerations'', RFC 2663, august 1999.
[4] Rosenberg, J., D. Drew, and H. Schulzrinne, ‘’Getting SIP through Firewalls and NATs’’ Internet Draft, Internet Engineering Task Force, February. 2000. Work in progress.
[5] J.Rosenberg, H. Schulzrinne, and J. Weinberger. ''An Extension to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) for Symmetric Response Routing'' Internet Draft, Internet Engineering Task Force, 27 September 2002. In progress Work.
[6] J. Postel, ''Transmission Control Protocol'', RFC 793, September 1981.
[7] M. Handley, and V. Jacobson. ''SDP: Session Description Protocol'', RFC 2327,April 1998.
[8] J. Rosenberg, J. Weinberger, R. Mahy, and C. Huitema, ''Traversal Using Relay NAT (TURN)'', Internet Draft, Internet Engineering Task Force, 3 March 2003.
[9] J. Rosenberg, J. Weinberger, C. Huitema, and R. Mahy, ''STUN - Simple Traversal of User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Through Network Address Translators (NATs)'', RFC 3489, March 2003.
[10] D. Yon ''Connection-Oriented media Transport in SDP'', Internet Draft, Internet Engineering Task Force, March 2003.
[11] J. Rosenberg. ''Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE): A Methodology for Network Address Translator (NAT) Traversal for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)'' Internet Draft, Internet engineering Task Force, 24 February 2003.
[12] J. Postel, ''User Datagram Protocol'', RFC 768, September 1980.
[13] H. Schulzrinne, S. Casner, R. Frederick, and V. Jacobson, ''RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications'', RFC 1889, January 1996.
[14] J. Rosenberg. "The Alternative Semantics for the Session Description Protocol: Grouping Framework", Internet Draft, Internet Engineering Task Force, February 2003.
[15] A. Mellouk, M. Guezouri"A new methodology to adapt SIP protocol for voice traffic transported over IP Network AICT/ICIW February 2006, Guadeloupe, French Caribbean. IEEE Computer Society 2006.
[2] Egevang, K. and P. Francis, ''The IP Network Address Translator'', RFC 1631, may 1994.
[3] Srisuresh, P. and M. Holdreg, ''IP Network Address Translator (NAT) Terminology and Considerations'', RFC 2663, august 1999.
[4] Rosenberg, J., D. Drew, and H. Schulzrinne, ‘’Getting SIP through Firewalls and NATs’’ Internet Draft, Internet Engineering Task Force, February. 2000. Work in progress.
[5] J.Rosenberg, H. Schulzrinne, and J. Weinberger. ''An Extension to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) for Symmetric Response Routing'' Internet Draft, Internet Engineering Task Force, 27 September 2002. In progress Work.
[6] J. Postel, ''Transmission Control Protocol'', RFC 793, September 1981.
[7] M. Handley, and V. Jacobson. ''SDP: Session Description Protocol'', RFC 2327,April 1998.
[8] J. Rosenberg, J. Weinberger, R. Mahy, and C. Huitema, ''Traversal Using Relay NAT (TURN)'', Internet Draft, Internet Engineering Task Force, 3 March 2003.
[9] J. Rosenberg, J. Weinberger, C. Huitema, and R. Mahy, ''STUN - Simple Traversal of User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Through Network Address Translators (NATs)'', RFC 3489, March 2003.
[10] D. Yon ''Connection-Oriented media Transport in SDP'', Internet Draft, Internet Engineering Task Force, March 2003.
[11] J. Rosenberg. ''Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE): A Methodology for Network Address Translator (NAT) Traversal for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)'' Internet Draft, Internet engineering Task Force, 24 February 2003.
[12] J. Postel, ''User Datagram Protocol'', RFC 768, September 1980.
[13] H. Schulzrinne, S. Casner, R. Frederick, and V. Jacobson, ''RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications'', RFC 1889, January 1996.
[14] J. Rosenberg. "The Alternative Semantics for the Session Description Protocol: Grouping Framework", Internet Draft, Internet Engineering Task Force, February 2003.
[15] A. Mellouk, M. Guezouri"A new methodology to adapt SIP protocol for voice traffic transported over IP Network AICT/ICIW February 2006, Guadeloupe, French Caribbean. IEEE Computer Society 2006.
Downloads
Published
2007-04-02
Issue
Section
Original Articles
License
How to Cite
[1]
“CDCS: a new case-based method for transparent NAT traversals of the SIP protocol”, JCS&T, vol. 7, no. 02, pp. p. 177–181, Apr. 2007, Accessed: Jan. 14, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://journal.info.unlp.edu.ar/JCST/article/view/789
