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Technological advances in recent years have promoted the development of virtual reality systems that have a
wide variety of hardware and software characteristics, providing varying degrees of immersion. Immersion
is an objective property of the virtual reality system that depends on both its hardware and software
characteristics. Virtual reality systems are currently attempting to improve immersion as much as possible.
However, there is no metric to measure the level of immersion of a virtual reality system based on
its characteristics. To date, the influence of these hardware and software variables on immersion has
only been considered individually or in small groups. The way these system variables simultaneously affect
immersion has not been analyzed either. In this paper, we propose immersion metrics for virtual
reality systems based on their hardware and software variables, as well as the development process that led
to their formulation. From the conducted experiment and the obtained data, we followed a methodology to
generate immersion models based on the variables of the system. The immersion metrics presented in this
work offer a useful tool in the area of virtual reality and immersive technologies, not only to measure
the immersion of any virtual reality system but also to analyze the relationship and importance of the
variables of these systems.
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